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(No Model.) 3 Sheets--Shee t 1. H. H. PEFBL.

SEWING MAOEINE. No. 455,190. Patented June 30,1891.

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(No Modeil) Sheets-Sheet 2. H. H. FEFEL; SEWING MACHINE.

No. 455,190. Patented June 30,1891.

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PATENT OFFICE- HENRY I-I. FEFEL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO MARI A. OUMIN G, OF SAME PLA CE.

SEWING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 455,190, dated June 30, 1891.

Application filed December 21, 1889 Serial No. 334,508. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY H. FEFEL, of the city, county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Sewing-Machine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to a sewing-machine for making the so-called overstitch and my object, besides that of producing a machine of improved structure, capable of high speed, simple, and durable, is to lay the threads of each stitch close together and at the proper angle to give the work the appearance of hand-stitching.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forminga part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved sewing-machine, a part of the cloth-plate being broken away to show the relation of the hook to the needle. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine. Fig. 3 is a side elevation oppo site to the side shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a broken plan view of the machine inverted. Fig. 5 is a detailed perspective view of the stitch-bridge, a part of the cloth-plate, the guide, needle, a piece of fabric, and the hook, showing its relation to the needle at the time the needle pierces the fabric. Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the machine, the cloth-plate being in section, the hook and needle being at their lowest position. Fig. '7 is a similar view showing thehook and needle at their highest position. Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the point of the stitch-bridge. Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the stitch, and Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional perspective view of the stitch-bridge.

On the main shaft A is secured the beveled gear-wheel B, which meshes with the beveled gear B on a short counter-shaft B held in a sleeve-bearing 13 To the outer end of this counter-shaft is attached a crank-pin O, which reciprocates the pitman 1), attached at its lower or outer end to one of the cranks a of the double-crank shaft E, journaled in the sleeve a of the arm F. The other crank a of the said double-crank shaft E is arranged at right angles, or nearly so; to the crank (it, as shown in Fig. 1, and is attached to the lower end or stem b of the stitch-forming hook G. The said hook is poised at or aboutits center on the pivot c at the end of the crank 0, whose shaft 0 is journaled in the bearing 0 formed as a part of the arm F. The said arm F is set at a slight angle to the needle, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. Hence the shafts E and 0 the cranks a a c, and the stitch-forming hook G are held at a slight angle,so that the upper end of the hook when in its highest position will stand in front of the needle and when at its lowest position will stand back of the needle, as illustrated in these figures. The upper end cl of the stitch-forming hook is curved forward and constructed with the lower bill 2', whose point is upturned, and

with the upper curved bill 11, whose point t is turned inward and stands a short distance above the bill 'i. 7

When the machine is in motion and the hook is in its lowermost position, the upper bill 2" drops through the loop formed in the thread, back of the needle, which loop is retained by the point *3. WVhen the lower end of the crank a starts upward, the crank c swings the hook outward, and as it progresses upward the loop shifts from the upper bill t" to the lower bill c'. crank a is such as to lift the upper end of the hook up through the slot H in the cloth-plate H, as shown in Fig. 5. In this position the crank c carries the hook forward toward the needle, carrying the loop over the stitchbridge J and holding it close to the needle, so that as the needle descends it passes through the loop and forms the stitch. The hook now moves backward and downward in the curved path by which it ascended to take the loop again and repeat the operation, in the meantime cast-ing olf the first loop from the lower bill 2' through the space between it and the upper bill. While the hook is ascending the lower part ofthe loop is retained by the projection or retainer j, formed as a part of the cloth-plate, as shown in Fig. 5.

The stitch-bridge J is hollow to receive the edge of the fabric-K to serve as a guide thereto, and is sloping, coming to a small curved point It. From this point proceeds the curved point 7a, which merges into the diagonal side edge W, as shown in Fig. 8. The edge is The movement of the.

gives the desired slant to the stitches m, which in this respect are in exact imitation of hand whip-stitch. The slope of the bridge shifts the upper part of the loop when it slips off from the bridge into close contact with its mate, so that while the stitch is composed of two strands of the same threads they lie so close together and so regularly are they applied that the stitch appears as though composed of only a single thread.

The feed and needle-arm motion, the tension, and guides and other accessories of the machine may be of any approved construction and need no detailed description.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the needle, feed, and main shaft of a sewing-machine, and a stitch-hook formed with an upper and lower bill and poised in the center on a pivoted crank, of a double-crank shaft and means for rotarily reciprocating the same, the stitchhook being attached to one of the cranks, substantially as described.

2. The stitch-bridge J, made hollow and sloping at the point, combined with the feed, the presser-foot, the needle-bar, and the hook for carrying the stitch from beneath the plate over the point of the sloping bridge for laying the two threads composing the stitch close together, said stitch-bridge being separate from the prcsser-foot of the machine, substantially as described.

The stitclnbridge J, made hollow and sloping and having the diagonal point 7t, combined with the feed, the needle-bar, and the hook for carrying the stitch from beneath the plate over the point of the sloping stitchbridge, substantially as described.

4. The stitch-bridge J, sloping at its upper surface and formed with the diagonal point 70, in combination with the needle, feed, the work-plate having the projection j, and the stitch hook G, poised at the center on a crank and reciprocated by another crank, substantially as described.

5. In a sewing-machine, the combination, with the needle-bar, feed, and work-plate, of a vertically-reciprocating and centrally-pivoted stitch-hook held at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the needle for taking the loop at the back of the needle and carrying it up through a slot in the work-plate to a position in front of the needle, substantially as described.

(i. The main shaft provided with a gear-v \Vitnesses:

C. Snnewron, E. M. CLARK. 

